You have to manually add the code provided below to your emacs configuration file for the apheleia astyle formatter to function as intended. Maybe we should upstream the solution that hlissner has come up with?

(setf (alist-get 'astyle apheleia-formatters)
        '("astyle" (mapconcat 'identity (apheleia-formatters-locate-file "--options=" ".astylerc"))))

Source: doomemacs/doomemacs#7718