[exporter/elasticsearch] Add OTel mapping mode for traces (#34472)

**Description:** <Describe what has changed.>
<!--Ex. Fixing a bug - Describe the bug and how this fixes the issue.
Ex. Adding a feature - Explain what this achieves.-->
Add OTel mapping mode for traces.

OTel mapping mode is a new mapping mode described in
https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/tree/main/exporter/elasticsearchexporter#elasticsearch-document-mapping

Update logs and metrics OTel mapping mode to always emit "scope" and
zero int, but not emit empty strings for known fields.

Breaking change to remove `trace_flags` from logs.

**Link to tracking Issue:** <Issue number if applicable>
Fixes #34588 #34590 

**Testing:** <Describe what testing was performed and which tests were
added.>
Added exporter tests

**Documentation:** <Describe the documentation added.>

Author: carsonip

.chloggen/elasticsearchexporter_otel-mode-traces.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Use this changelog template to create an entry for release notes.
+
+# One of 'breaking', 'deprecation', 'new_component', 'enhancement', 'bug_fix'
+change_type: enhancement
+
+# The name of the component, or a single word describing the area of concern, (e.g. filelogreceiver)
+component: elasticsearchexporter
+
+# A brief description of the change.  Surround your text with quotes ("") if it needs to start with a backtick (`).
+note: Add OTel mapping mode for traces
+
+# Mandatory: One or more tracking issues related to the change. You can use the PR number here if no issue exists.
+issues: [34588, 34590]
+
+# (Optional) One or more lines of additional information to render under the primary note.
+# These lines will be padded with 2 spaces and then inserted directly into the document.
+# Use pipe (|) for multiline entries.
+subtext:
+  Add OTel mapping mode support for traces, without span events.
+
+# If your change doesn't affect end users or the exported elements of any package,
+# you should instead start your pull request title with [chore] or use the "Skip Changelog" label.
+# Optional: The change log or logs in which this entry should be included.
+# e.g. '[user]' or '[user, api]'
+# Include 'user' if the change is relevant to end users.
+# Include 'api' if there is a change to a library API.
+# Default: '[user]'
+change_logs: [user]

.chloggen/elasticsearchexporter_otel-mode-update.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# Use this changelog template to create an entry for release notes.
+
+# One of 'breaking', 'deprecation', 'new_component', 'enhancement', 'bug_fix'
+change_type: breaking
+
+# The name of the component, or a single word describing the area of concern, (e.g. filelogreceiver)
+component: elasticsearchexporter
+
+# A brief description of the change.  Surround your text with quotes ("") if it needs to start with a backtick (`).
+note: Update OTel mapping mode for logs and metrics; Remove trace_flags
+
+# Mandatory: One or more tracking issues related to the change. You can use the PR number here if no issue exists.
+issues: [34472]
+
+# (Optional) One or more lines of additional information to render under the primary note.
+# These lines will be padded with 2 spaces and then inserted directly into the document.
+# Use pipe (|) for multiline entries.
+subtext:
+  Update logs and metrics OTel mapping mode to always emit "scope" and zero int, but not emit empty strings for known fields.
+  Breaking change to remove trace_flags from logs.
+
+# If your change doesn't affect end users or the exported elements of any package,
+# you should instead start your pull request title with [chore] or use the "Skip Changelog" label.
+# Optional: The change log or logs in which this entry should be included.
+# e.g. '[user]' or '[user, api]'
+# Include 'user' if the change is relevant to end users.
+# Include 'api' if there is a change to a library API.
+# Default: '[user]'
+change_logs: [user]

exporter/elasticsearchexporter/exporter.go

@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ func (e *elasticsearchExporter) pushTraceData(
 			spans := scopeSpan.Spans()
 			for k := 0; k < spans.Len(); k++ {
 				span := spans.At(k)
-				if err := e.pushTraceRecord(ctx, resource, span, scope, session); err != nil {
+				if err := e.pushTraceRecord(ctx, resource, il.SchemaUrl(), span, scope, scopeSpan.SchemaUrl(), session); err != nil {
 					if cerr := ctx.Err(); cerr != nil {
 						return cerr
 					}
@@ -377,8 +377,10 @@ func (e *elasticsearchExporter) pushTraceData(
 func (e *elasticsearchExporter) pushTraceRecord(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	resource pcommon.Resource,
+	resourceSchemaURL string,
 	span ptrace.Span,
 	scope pcommon.InstrumentationScope,
+	scopeSchemaURL string,
 	bulkIndexerSession bulkIndexerSession,
 ) error {
 	fIndex := e.index
@@ -394,7 +396,7 @@ func (e *elasticsearchExporter) pushTraceRecord(
 		fIndex = formattedIndex
 	}
 
-	document, err := e.model.encodeSpan(resource, span, scope)
+	document, err := e.model.encodeSpan(resource, resourceSchemaURL, span, scope, scopeSchemaURL)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to encode trace record: %w", err)
 	}

exporter/elasticsearchexporter/exporter_test.go

@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ func TestExporterLogs(t *testing.T) {
 		expected := []itemRequest{
 			{
 				Action:   []byte(`{"create":{"_index":"logs-attr.dataset.otel-resource.attribute.namespace"}}`),
-				Document: []byte(`{"@timestamp":"1970-01-01T00:00:00.000000000Z","attributes":{"attr.foo":"attr.foo.value"},"data_stream":{"dataset":"attr.dataset.otel","namespace":"resource.attribute.namespace","type":"logs"},"dropped_attributes_count":0,"observed_timestamp":"1970-01-01T00:00:00.000000000Z","resource":{"attributes":{"resource.attr.foo":"resource.attr.foo.value"},"dropped_attributes_count":0,"schema_url":""},"severity_number":0,"trace_flags":0}`),
+				Document: []byte(`{"@timestamp":"1970-01-01T00:00:00.000000000Z","attributes":{"attr.foo":"attr.foo.value"},"data_stream":{"dataset":"attr.dataset.otel","namespace":"resource.attribute.namespace","type":"logs"},"dropped_attributes_count":0,"observed_timestamp":"1970-01-01T00:00:00.000000000Z","resource":{"attributes":{"resource.attr.foo":"resource.attr.foo.value"},"dropped_attributes_count":0},"scope":{"dropped_attributes_count":0},"severity_number":0}`),
 			},
 		}
 
@@ -821,19 +821,19 @@ func TestExporterMetrics(t *testing.T) {
 		expected := []itemRequest{
 			{
 				Action:   []byte(`{"create":{"_index":"metrics-generic.otel-default","dynamic_templates":{"metrics.metric.foo":"histogram"}}}`),
-				Document: []byte(`{"@timestamp":"1970-01-01T00:00:00.000000000Z","data_stream":{"dataset":"generic.otel","namespace":"default","type":"metrics"},"metrics":{"metric.foo":{"counts":[1,2,3,4],"values":[0.5,1.5,2.5,3]}},"resource":{"dropped_attributes_count":0,"schema_url":""}}`),
+				Document: []byte(`{"@timestamp":"1970-01-01T00:00:00.000000000Z","data_stream":{"dataset":"generic.otel","namespace":"default","type":"metrics"},"metrics":{"metric.foo":{"counts":[1,2,3,4],"values":[0.5,1.5,2.5,3]}},"resource":{"dropped_attributes_count":0},"scope":{"dropped_attributes_count":0}}`),
 			},
 			{
 				Action:   []byte(`{"create":{"_index":"metrics-generic.otel-default","dynamic_templates":{"metrics.metric.foo":"histogram"}}}`),
-				Document: []byte(`{"@timestamp":"1970-01-01T01:00:00.000000000Z","data_stream":{"dataset":"generic.otel","namespace":"default","type":"metrics"},"metrics":{"metric.foo":{"counts":[4,5,6,7],"values":[2,4.5,5.5,6]}},"resource":{"dropped_attributes_count":0,"schema_url":""}}`),
+				Document: []byte(`{"@timestamp":"1970-01-01T01:00:00.000000000Z","data_stream":{"dataset":"generic.otel","namespace":"default","type":"metrics"},"metrics":{"metric.foo":{"counts":[4,5,6,7],"values":[2,4.5,5.5,6]}},"resource":{"dropped_attributes_count":0},"scope":{"dropped_attributes_count":0}}`),
 			},
 			{
 				Action:   []byte(`{"create":{"_index":"metrics-generic.otel-default","dynamic_templates":{"metrics.metric.sum":"gauge_double"}}}`),
-				Document: []byte(`{"@timestamp":"1970-01-01T01:00:00.000000000Z","data_stream":{"dataset":"generic.otel","namespace":"default","type":"metrics"},"metrics":{"metric.sum":1.5},"resource":{"dropped_attributes_count":0,"schema_url":""},"start_timestamp":"1970-01-01T02:00:00.000000000Z"}`),
+				Document: []byte(`{"@timestamp":"1970-01-01T01:00:00.000000000Z","data_stream":{"dataset":"generic.otel","namespace":"default","type":"metrics"},"metrics":{"metric.sum":1.5},"resource":{"dropped_attributes_count":0},"scope":{"dropped_attributes_count":0},"start_timestamp":"1970-01-01T02:00:00.000000000Z"}`),
 			},
 			{
 				Action:   []byte(`{"create":{"_index":"metrics-generic.otel-default","dynamic_templates":{"metrics.metric.summary":"summary_metrics"}}}`),
-				Document: []byte(`{"@timestamp":"1970-01-01T03:00:00.000000000Z","data_stream":{"dataset":"generic.otel","namespace":"default","type":"metrics"},"metrics":{"metric.summary":{"sum":1.5,"value_count":1}},"resource":{"dropped_attributes_count":0,"schema_url":""},"start_timestamp":"1970-01-01T03:00:00.000000000Z"}`),
+				Document: []byte(`{"@timestamp":"1970-01-01T03:00:00.000000000Z","data_stream":{"dataset":"generic.otel","namespace":"default","type":"metrics"},"metrics":{"metric.summary":{"sum":1.5,"value_count":1}},"resource":{"dropped_attributes_count":0},"scope":{"dropped_attributes_count":0},"start_timestamp":"1970-01-01T03:00:00.000000000Z"}`),
 			},
 		}
 
@@ -1031,6 +1031,68 @@ func TestExporterTraces(t *testing.T) {
 		))
 		rec.WaitItems(1)
 	})
+
+	t.Run("otel mode", func(t *testing.T) {
+		rec := newBulkRecorder()
+		server := newESTestServer(t, func(docs []itemRequest) ([]itemResponse, error) {
+			rec.Record(docs)
+			return itemsAllOK(docs)
+		})
+
+		exporter := newTestTracesExporter(t, server.URL, func(cfg *Config) {
+			cfg.TracesDynamicIndex.Enabled = true
+			cfg.Mapping.Mode = "otel"
+		})
+
+		traces := ptrace.NewTraces()
+		resourceSpans := traces.ResourceSpans()
+		rs := resourceSpans.AppendEmpty()
+
+		span := rs.ScopeSpans().AppendEmpty().Spans().AppendEmpty()
+		span.SetName("name")
+		span.SetTraceID(pcommon.NewTraceIDEmpty())
+		span.SetSpanID(pcommon.NewSpanIDEmpty())
+		span.SetFlags(1)
+		span.SetDroppedAttributesCount(2)
+		span.SetDroppedEventsCount(3)
+		span.SetDroppedLinksCount(4)
+		span.TraceState().FromRaw("foo")
+		span.SetStartTimestamp(pcommon.NewTimestampFromTime(time.Unix(3600, 0)))
+		span.SetEndTimestamp(pcommon.NewTimestampFromTime(time.Unix(7200, 0)))
+
+		scopeAttr := span.Attributes()
+		fillResourceAttributeMap(scopeAttr, map[string]string{
+			"attr.foo": "attr.bar",
+		})
+
+		resAttr := rs.Resource().Attributes()
+		fillResourceAttributeMap(resAttr, map[string]string{
+			"resource.foo": "resource.bar",
+		})
+
+		spanLink := span.Links().AppendEmpty()
+		spanLink.SetTraceID(pcommon.NewTraceIDEmpty())
+		spanLink.SetSpanID(pcommon.NewSpanIDEmpty())
+		spanLink.SetFlags(10)
+		spanLink.SetDroppedAttributesCount(11)
+		spanLink.TraceState().FromRaw("bar")
+		fillResourceAttributeMap(spanLink.Attributes(), map[string]string{
+			"link.attr.foo": "link.attr.bar",
+		})
+
+		mustSendTraces(t, exporter, traces)
+
+		rec.WaitItems(1)
+
+		expected := []itemRequest{
+			{
+				Action:   []byte(`{"create":{"_index":"traces-generic.otel-default"}}`),
+				Document: []byte(`{"@timestamp":"1970-01-01T01:00:00.000000000Z","attributes":{"attr.foo":"attr.bar"},"data_stream":{"dataset":"generic.otel","namespace":"default","type":"traces"},"dropped_attributes_count":2,"dropped_events_count":3,"dropped_links_count":4,"duration":3600000000000,"kind":"Unspecified","links":[{"attributes":{"link.attr.foo":"link.attr.bar"},"dropped_attributes_count":11,"span_id":"","trace_id":"","trace_state":"bar"}],"name":"name","resource":{"attributes":{"resource.foo":"resource.bar"},"dropped_attributes_count":0},"scope":{"dropped_attributes_count":0},"status":{"code":"Unset"},"trace_state":"foo"}`),
+			},
+		}
+
+		assertItemsEqual(t, expected, rec.Items(), false)
+	})
 }
 
 // TestExporterAuth verifies that the Elasticsearch exporter supports