[extension/dbstorage] Add DB Transactions to dbstorage.Batch() method (#37805)

<!--Ex. Fixing a bug - Describe the bug and how this fixes the issue.
Ex. Adding a feature - Explain what this achieves.-->
#### Description
According to [Storage API
documentation](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector/blob/main/extension/xextension/storage/README.md)
`Batch` is expected to "execute several operations in a single
transaction"
Moreover, Persistent Queue in `exporterhelper` is actively using
`storage.Batch()` with read+write/write+delete operations in single
call, which is really needs to be in a single transaction to avoid
accidental data inconsistency in Persistent Queue in case of unexpected
service shutdown. For example
[here](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector/blob/main/exporter/exporterqueue/persistent_queue.go#L140)
or
[here](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector/blob/main/exporter/exporterqueue/persistent_queue.go#L257)
or
[here](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector/blob/main/exporter/exporterqueue/persistent_queue.go#L463)
As currently supported SQlite and PostgreSQL driver natively support
Transaction - this PR implements single transaction inside
`storage.Batch()` call
Also, I've added bunch of unit tests that were missing to ensure that
show Storage API works as expected in `dbstorage` extension

<!--Describe what testing was performed and which tests were added.-->
#### Testing
Respective Unit Tests were added

---------

Co-authored-by: Sean Marciniak <[email protected]>

Author: Fiery-Fenix

.chloggen/feat_dbstorage-transaction-support.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# Use this changelog template to create an entry for release notes.
+
+# One of 'breaking', 'deprecation', 'new_component', 'enhancement', 'bug_fix'
+change_type: enhancement
+
+# The name of the component, or a single word describing the area of concern, (e.g. filelogreceiver)
+component: dbstorageextension
+
+# A brief description of the change.  Surround your text with quotes ("") if it needs to start with a backtick (`).
+note: Add DB Transactions to dbstorage.Batch() method as it is expected by Storage API
+
+# Mandatory: One or more tracking issues related to the change. You can use the PR number here if no issue exists.
+issues: [37805]
+
+# (Optional) One or more lines of additional information to render under the primary note.
+# These lines will be padded with 2 spaces and then inserted directly into the document.
+# Use pipe (|) for multiline entries.
+subtext:
+
+# If your change doesn't affect end users or the exported elements of any package,
+# you should instead start your pull request title with [chore] or use the "Skip Changelog" label.
+# Optional: The change log or logs in which this entry should be included.
+# e.g. '[user]' or '[user, api]'
+# Include 'user' if the change is relevant to end users.
+# Include 'api' if there is a change to a library API.
+# Default: '[user]'
+change_logs: [api]

extension/storage/dbstorage/client.go

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import (
 	// SQLite driver
 	_ "github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/extension/xextension/storage"
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -25,15 +26,16 @@ const (
 )
 
 type dbStorageClient struct {
+	logger      *zap.Logger
 	db          *sql.DB
 	getQuery    *sql.Stmt
 	setQuery    *sql.Stmt
 	deleteQuery *sql.Stmt
 }
 
-func newClient(ctx context.Context, driverName string, db *sql.DB, tableName string) (*dbStorageClient, error) {
+func newClient(ctx context.Context, logger *zap.Logger, db *sql.DB, driverName string, tableName string) (*dbStorageClient, error) {
 	createTableSQL := createTable
-	if driverName == "sqlite" {
+	if driverName == driverSQLite {
 		createTableSQL = createTableSqlite
 	}
 	var err error
@@ -54,50 +56,52 @@ func newClient(ctx context.Context, driverName string, db *sql.DB, tableName str
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	return &dbStorageClient{db, selectQuery, setQuery, deleteQuery}, nil
+	return &dbStorageClient{logger, db, selectQuery, setQuery, deleteQuery}, nil
 }
 
 // Get will retrieve data from storage that corresponds to the specified key
 func (c *dbStorageClient) Get(ctx context.Context, key string) ([]byte, error) {
-	rows, err := c.getQuery.QueryContext(ctx, key)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if !rows.Next() {
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-	var result []byte
-	err = rows.Scan(&result)
-	if err != nil {
-		return result, err
-	}
-	err = rows.Close()
-	return result, err
+	return c.get(ctx, key, nil)
 }
 
 // Set will store data. The data can be retrieved using the same key
 func (c *dbStorageClient) Set(ctx context.Context, key string, value []byte) error {
-	_, err := c.setQuery.ExecContext(ctx, key, value, value)
-	return err
+	return c.set(ctx, key, value, nil)
 }
 
 // Delete will delete data associated with the specified key
 func (c *dbStorageClient) Delete(ctx context.Context, key string) error {
-	_, err := c.deleteQuery.ExecContext(ctx, key)
-	return err
+	return c.delete(ctx, key, nil)
 }
 
 // Batch executes the specified operations in order. Get operation results are updated in place
 func (c *dbStorageClient) Batch(ctx context.Context, ops ...*storage.Operation) error {
-	var err error
+	// Start a new transaction
+	tx, err := c.db.BeginTx(ctx, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// In case of any error we should roll back whole transaction to keep DB in consistent state
+	// In case of successful commit - tx.Rollback() will be a no-op here as tx is already closed
+	defer func() {
+		// We should ignore error related already finished transaction here
+		// It might happened, for example, if Context was canceled outside of Batch() function
+		// in this case whole transaction will be rolled back by sql package and we'll receive ErrTxDone here,
+		// which is actually not an issue because transaction was correctly closed with rollback
+		if rollbackErr := tx.Rollback(); !errors.Is(rollbackErr, sql.ErrTxDone) {
+			c.logger.Error("Failed to rollback Batch() transaction", zap.Error(rollbackErr))
+		}
+	}()
+
 	for _, op := range ops {
 		switch op.Type {
 		case storage.Get:
-			op.Value, err = c.Get(ctx, op.Key)
+			op.Value, err = c.get(ctx, op.Key, tx)
 		case storage.Set:
-			err = c.Set(ctx, op.Key, op.Value)
+			err = c.set(ctx, op.Key, op.Value, tx)
 		case storage.Delete:
-			err = c.Delete(ctx, op.Key)
+			err = c.delete(ctx, op.Key, tx)
 		default:
 			return errors.New("wrong operation type")
 		}
@@ -106,7 +110,8 @@ func (c *dbStorageClient) Batch(ctx context.Context, ops ...*storage.Operation)
 			return err
 		}
 	}
-	return err
+
+	return tx.Commit()
 }
 
 // Close will close the database
@@ -119,3 +124,39 @@ func (c *dbStorageClient) Close(_ context.Context) error {
 	}
 	return c.getQuery.Close()
 }
+
+func (c *dbStorageClient) get(ctx context.Context, key string, tx *sql.Tx) ([]byte, error) {
+	rows, err := c.wrapTx(c.getQuery, tx).QueryContext(ctx, key)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if !rows.Next() {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	var result []byte
+	if err := rows.Scan(&result); err != nil {
+		return result, err
+	}
+
+	return result, rows.Close()
+}
+
+func (c *dbStorageClient) set(ctx context.Context, key string, value []byte, tx *sql.Tx) error {
+	_, err := c.wrapTx(c.setQuery, tx).ExecContext(ctx, key, value, value)
+	return err
+}
+
+func (c *dbStorageClient) delete(ctx context.Context, key string, tx *sql.Tx) error {
+	_, err := c.wrapTx(c.deleteQuery, tx).ExecContext(ctx, key)
+	return err
+}
+
+func (c *dbStorageClient) wrapTx(stmt *sql.Stmt, tx *sql.Tx) *sql.Stmt {
+	if tx != nil {
+		return tx.Stmt(stmt)
+	}
+
+	return stmt
+}