[receiver/receivercreator] Add support for k8s service discovery (#29022)

**Description:**
- Added a new watch to the k8s_observer extension for k8s services,
which can be enabled using a new flag "observe_services".
- Discovered entities are transformed into a new endpoint type
`k8s.service`.
- Adjusted the receivercreator to support the new type `k8s.service`


**Link to tracking Issue:**
[#29021](#29021)

**Testing:** Added unit tests analogue to the available tests

**Documentation:** Adjusted readme's of k8s_observer and
receivercreator. Added description of new flags and typers.

**Note:**
Current implementation is working as described in the linked ticket.
Please check the potential discussion points mentioned in the ticket:
#29021 (comment)

---------

Co-authored-by: Antoine Toulme <[email protected]>

Author: a-thaler

.chloggen/receivercreator-support-k8s-service-discovery.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# Use this changelog template to create an entry for release notes.
+
+# One of 'breaking', 'deprecation', 'new_component', 'enhancement', 'bug_fix'
+change_type: enhancement
+
+# The name of the component, or a single word describing the area of concern, (e.g. filelogreceiver)
+component: receivercreator
+
+# A brief description of the change.  Surround your text with quotes ("") if it needs to start with a backtick (`).
+note: Added support for discovery of endpoints based on K8s services
+
+# Mandatory: One or more tracking issues related to the change. You can use the PR number here if no issue exists.
+issues: [29022]
+
+# (Optional) One or more lines of additional information to render under the primary note.
+# These lines will be padded with 2 spaces and then inserted directly into the document.
+# Use pipe (|) for multiline entries.
+subtext: By discovering endpoints based on K8s services, a dynamic probing of K8s service leveraging for example the httpcheckreceiver get enabled
+
+# If your change doesn't affect end users or the exported elements of any package,
+# you should instead start your pull request title with [chore] or use the "Skip Changelog" label.
+# Optional: The change log or logs in which this entry should be included.
+# e.g. '[user]' or '[user, api]'
+# Include 'user' if the change is relevant to end users.
+# Include 'api' if there is a change to a library API.
+# Default: '[user]'
+change_logs: [user]

extension/observer/endpoints.go

@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ const (
 	PortType EndpointType = "port"
 	// PodType is a pod endpoint.
 	PodType EndpointType = "pod"
+	// K8sServiceType is a service endpoint.
+	K8sServiceType EndpointType = "k8s.service"
 	// K8sNodeType is a Kubernetes Node endpoint.
 	K8sNodeType EndpointType = "k8s.node"
 	// HostPortType is a hostport endpoint.
@@ -34,6 +36,7 @@ const (
 var (
 	_ EndpointDetails = (*Pod)(nil)
 	_ EndpointDetails = (*Port)(nil)
+	_ EndpointDetails = (*K8sService)(nil)
 	_ EndpointDetails = (*K8sNode)(nil)
 	_ EndpointDetails = (*HostPort)(nil)
 	_ EndpointDetails = (*Container)(nil)
@@ -92,6 +95,40 @@ func (e Endpoint) equals(other Endpoint) bool {
 	}
 }
 
+// K8sService is a discovered k8s service.
+type K8sService struct {
+	// Name of the service.
+	Name string
+	// UID is the unique ID in the cluster for the service.
+	UID string
+	// Labels is a map of user-specified metadata.
+	Labels map[string]string
+	// Annotations is a map of user-specified metadata.
+	Annotations map[string]string
+	// Namespace must be unique for services with same name.
+	Namespace string
+	// ClusterIP is the IP under which the service is reachable within the cluster.
+	ClusterIP string
+	// ServiceType is the type of the service: ClusterIP, NodePort, LoadBalancer, ExternalName
+	ServiceType string
+}
+
+func (s *K8sService) Env() EndpointEnv {
+	return map[string]any{
+		"uid":          s.UID,
+		"name":         s.Name,
+		"labels":       s.Labels,
+		"annotations":  s.Annotations,
+		"namespace":    s.Namespace,
+		"cluster_ip":   s.ClusterIP,
+		"service_type": s.ServiceType,
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *K8sService) Type() EndpointType {
+	return K8sServiceType
+}
+
 // Pod is a discovered k8s pod.
 type Pod struct {
 	// Name of the pod.

extension/observer/endpoints_test.go

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ func TestEndpointEnv(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		{
-			name: "K8s port",
+			name: "K8s pod port",
 			endpoint: Endpoint{
 				ID:     EndpointID("port_id"),
 				Target: "192.68.73.2",
@@ -90,6 +90,42 @@ func TestEndpointEnv(t *testing.T) {
 				"transport": ProtocolTCP,
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			name: "Service",
+			endpoint: Endpoint{
+				ID:     EndpointID("service_id"),
+				Target: "service.namespace",
+				Details: &K8sService{
+					Name: "service_name",
+					UID:  "service-uid",
+					Labels: map[string]string{
+						"label_key": "label_val",
+					},
+					Annotations: map[string]string{
+						"annotation_1": "value_1",
+					},
+					Namespace:   "service-namespace",
+					ServiceType: "LoadBalancer",
+					ClusterIP:   "192.68.73.2",
+				},
+			},
+			want: EndpointEnv{
+				"type":     "k8s.service",
+				"endpoint": "service.namespace",
+				"id":       "service_id",
+				"name":     "service_name",
+				"labels": map[string]string{
+					"label_key": "label_val",
+				},
+				"annotations": map[string]string{
+					"annotation_1": "value_1",
+				},
+				"uid":          "service-uid",
+				"namespace":    "service-namespace",
+				"cluster_ip":   "192.68.73.2",
+				"service_type": "LoadBalancer",
+			},
+		},
 		{
 			name: "Host port",
 			endpoint: Endpoint{

extension/observer/k8sobserver/README.md

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 <!-- end autogenerated section -->
 
 The `k8s_observer` is a [Receiver Creator](../../../receiver/receivercreator/README.md)-compatible "watch observer" that will detect and report
-Kubernetes pod, port, and node endpoints via the Kubernetes API.
+Kubernetes pod, port, service and node endpoints via the Kubernetes API.
 
 ## Example Config
 
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ extensions:
     node: ${env:K8S_NODE_NAME}
     observe_pods: true
     observe_nodes: true
+    observe_services: true
 
 receivers:
   receiver_creator:
@@ -71,3 +72,4 @@ All fields are optional.
 | node | string | <no value> | The node name to limit the discovery of pod, port, and node endpoints. Providing no value (the default) results in discovering endpoints for all available nodes. |
 | observe_pods | bool | `true` | Whether to report observer pod and port endpoints. If `true` and `node` is specified it will only discover pod and port endpoints whose `spec.nodeName` matches the provided node name. If `true` and `node` isn't specified, it will discover all available pod and port endpoints. Please note that Collector connectivity to pods from other nodes is dependent on your cluster configuration and isn't guaranteed. | 
 | observe_nodes | bool | `false` | Whether to report observer k8s.node endpoints. If `true` and `node` is specified it will only discover node endpoints whose `metadata.name` matches the provided node name. If `true` and `node` isn't specified, it will discover all available node endpoints. Please note that Collector connectivity to nodes is dependent on your cluster configuration and isn't guaranteed.| 
+| observe_services | bool | `false` | Whether to report observer k8s.service endpoints.| 

extension/observer/k8sobserver/config.go

@@ -34,12 +34,14 @@ type Config struct {
 	// it will only discover node endpoints whose `metadata.name` matches the provided node name. If `true` and
 	// Node isn't specified, it will discover all available node endpoints. `false` by default.
 	ObserveNodes bool `mapstructure:"observe_nodes"`
+	// ObserveServices determines whether to report observer service and port endpoints. `false` by default.
+	ObserveServices bool `mapstructure:"observe_services"`
 }
 
 // Validate checks if the extension configuration is valid
 func (cfg *Config) Validate() error {
-	if !cfg.ObservePods && !cfg.ObserveNodes {
-		return fmt.Errorf("one of observe_pods and observe_nodes must be true")
+	if !cfg.ObservePods && !cfg.ObserveNodes && !cfg.ObserveServices {
+		return fmt.Errorf("one of observe_pods, observe_nodes and observe_services must be true")
 	}
 	return nil
 }

extension/observer/k8sobserver/config_test.go

@@ -39,10 +39,11 @@ func TestLoadConfig(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			id: component.NewIDWithName(metadata.Type, "observe-all"),
 			expected: &Config{
-				Node:         "",
-				APIConfig:    k8sconfig.APIConfig{AuthType: k8sconfig.AuthTypeNone},
-				ObservePods:  true,
-				ObserveNodes: true,
+				Node:            "",
+				APIConfig:       k8sconfig.APIConfig{AuthType: k8sconfig.AuthTypeNone},
+				ObservePods:     true,
+				ObserveNodes:    true,
+				ObserveServices: true,
 			},
 		},
 		{
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@ func TestLoadConfig(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		{
 			id:          component.NewIDWithName(metadata.Type, "invalid_no_observing"),
-			expectedErr: "one of observe_pods and observe_nodes must be true",
+			expectedErr: "one of observe_pods, observe_nodes and observe_services must be true",
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {

extension/observer/k8sobserver/extension.go

@@ -25,13 +25,14 @@ var _ observer.Observable = (*k8sObserver)(nil)
 
 type k8sObserver struct {
 	*observer.EndpointsWatcher
-	telemetry         component.TelemetrySettings
-	podListerWatcher  cache.ListerWatcher
-	nodeListerWatcher cache.ListerWatcher
-	handler           *handler
-	once              *sync.Once
-	stop              chan struct{}
-	config            *Config
+	telemetry            component.TelemetrySettings
+	podListerWatcher     cache.ListerWatcher
+	serviceListerWatcher cache.ListerWatcher
+	nodeListerWatcher    cache.ListerWatcher
+	handler              *handler
+	once                 *sync.Once
+	stop                 chan struct{}
+	config               *Config
 }
 
 // Start will populate the cache.SharedInformers for pods and nodes as configured and run them as goroutines.
@@ -52,6 +53,14 @@ func (k *k8sObserver) Start(_ context.Context, _ component.Host) error {
 			}
 			go podInformer.Run(k.stop)
 		}
+		if k.serviceListerWatcher != nil {
+			k.telemetry.Logger.Debug("creating and starting service informer")
+			serviceInformer := cache.NewSharedInformer(k.serviceListerWatcher, &v1.Service{}, 0)
+			if _, err := serviceInformer.AddEventHandler(k.handler); err != nil {
+				k.telemetry.Logger.Error("error adding event handler to service informer", zap.Error(err))
+			}
+			go serviceInformer.Run(k.stop)
+		}
 		if k.nodeListerWatcher != nil {
 			k.telemetry.Logger.Debug("creating and starting node informer")
 			nodeInformer := cache.NewSharedInformer(k.nodeListerWatcher, &v1.Node{}, 0)
@@ -90,6 +99,13 @@ func newObserver(config *Config, set extension.CreateSettings) (extension.Extens
 		podListerWatcher = cache.NewListWatchFromClient(restClient, "pods", v1.NamespaceAll, podSelector)
 	}
 
+	var serviceListerWatcher cache.ListerWatcher
+	if config.ObserveServices {
+		var serviceSelector = fields.Everything()
+		set.Logger.Debug("observing services")
+		serviceListerWatcher = cache.NewListWatchFromClient(restClient, "services", v1.NamespaceAll, serviceSelector)
+	}
+
 	var nodeListerWatcher cache.ListerWatcher
 	if config.ObserveNodes {
 		var nodeSelector fields.Selector
@@ -103,14 +119,15 @@ func newObserver(config *Config, set extension.CreateSettings) (extension.Extens
 	}
 	h := &handler{idNamespace: set.ID.String(), endpoints: &sync.Map{}, logger: set.TelemetrySettings.Logger}
 	obs := &k8sObserver{
-		EndpointsWatcher:  observer.NewEndpointsWatcher(h, time.Second, set.TelemetrySettings.Logger),
-		telemetry:         set.TelemetrySettings,
-		podListerWatcher:  podListerWatcher,
-		nodeListerWatcher: nodeListerWatcher,
-		stop:              make(chan struct{}),
-		config:            config,
-		handler:           h,
-		once:              &sync.Once{},
+		EndpointsWatcher:     observer.NewEndpointsWatcher(h, time.Second, set.TelemetrySettings.Logger),
+		telemetry:            set.TelemetrySettings,
+		podListerWatcher:     podListerWatcher,
+		serviceListerWatcher: serviceListerWatcher,
+		nodeListerWatcher:    nodeListerWatcher,
+		stop:                 make(chan struct{}),
+		config:               config,
+		handler:              h,
+		once:                 &sync.Once{},
 	}
 
 	return obs, nil

extension/observer/k8sobserver/extension_test.go

@@ -40,6 +40,94 @@ func TestNewExtension(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NotNil(t, ext)
 }
 
+func TestExtensionObserveServices(t *testing.T) {
+	factory := NewFactory()
+	config := factory.CreateDefaultConfig().(*Config)
+	mockServiceHost(t, config)
+
+	set := extensiontest.NewNopCreateSettings()
+	set.ID = component.NewID(metadata.Type)
+	ext, err := newObserver(config, set)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NotNil(t, ext)
+
+	obs := ext.(*k8sObserver)
+	serviceListerWatcher := framework.NewFakeControllerSource()
+	obs.serviceListerWatcher = serviceListerWatcher
+
+	serviceListerWatcher.Add(serviceWithClusterIP)
+
+	require.NoError(t, ext.Start(context.Background(), componenttest.NewNopHost()))
+
+	sink := &endpointSink{}
+	obs.ListAndWatch(sink)
+
+	requireSink(t, sink, func() bool {
+		return len(sink.added) == 1
+	})
+
+	assert.Equal(t, observer.Endpoint{
+		ID:     "k8s_observer/service-1-UID",
+		Target: "service-1.default.svc.cluster.local",
+		Details: &observer.K8sService{
+			Name:      "service-1",
+			Namespace: "default",
+			UID:       "service-1-UID",
+			Labels: map[string]string{
+				"env": "prod",
+			},
+			ClusterIP:   "1.2.3.4",
+			ServiceType: "ClusterIP",
+		},
+	}, sink.added[0])
+
+	serviceListerWatcher.Modify(serviceWithClusterIPV2)
+
+	requireSink(t, sink, func() bool {
+		return len(sink.changed) == 1
+	})
+
+	assert.Equal(t, observer.Endpoint{
+		ID:     "k8s_observer/service-1-UID",
+		Target: "service-1.default.svc.cluster.local",
+		Details: &observer.K8sService{
+			Name:      "service-1",
+			Namespace: "default",
+			UID:       "service-1-UID",
+			Labels: map[string]string{
+				"env":             "prod",
+				"service-version": "2",
+			},
+			ClusterIP:   "1.2.3.4",
+			ServiceType: "ClusterIP",
+		},
+	}, sink.changed[0])
+
+	serviceListerWatcher.Delete(serviceWithClusterIPV2)
+
+	requireSink(t, sink, func() bool {
+		return len(sink.removed) == 1
+	})
+
+	assert.Equal(t, observer.Endpoint{
+		ID:     "k8s_observer/service-1-UID",
+		Target: "service-1.default.svc.cluster.local",
+		Details: &observer.K8sService{
+			Name:      "service-1",
+			Namespace: "default",
+			UID:       "service-1-UID",
+			Labels: map[string]string{
+				"env":             "prod",
+				"service-version": "2",
+			},
+			ClusterIP:   "1.2.3.4",
+			ServiceType: "ClusterIP",
+		},
+	}, sink.removed[0])
+
+	require.NoError(t, ext.Shutdown(context.Background()))
+}
+
 func TestExtensionObservePods(t *testing.T) {
 	factory := NewFactory()
 	config := factory.CreateDefaultConfig().(*Config)