docs: add JUnit examples (#6668)

Author: yury-s

docs/src/test-runners-java.md

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+---
+id: test-runners
+title: "Test Runners"
+---
+
+With a few lines of code, you can hook up Playwright to your favorite Java test runner.
+
+Playwright and Browser instances can be reused between tests for better performance. We
+recommend running each test case in a new BrowserContext, this way browser state will be
+isolated between the tests.
+
+<!-- TOC -->
+
+## JUnit
+
+In JUnit you can initialize [Playwright] and [Browser] in [@BeforeAll](https://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/api/org.junit.jupiter.api/org/junit/jupiter/api/BeforeAll.html) method and
+destroy them in [@AfterAll](https://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/api/org.junit.jupiter.api/org/junit/jupiter/api/AfterAll.html). In the example below all three test methods use the same
+[Browser]. Each test uses its own [BrowserContext] and [Page].
+
+```java
+package org.example;
+
+import com.microsoft.playwright.Browser;
+import com.microsoft.playwright.BrowserContext;
+import com.microsoft.playwright.Page;
+import com.microsoft.playwright.Playwright;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.*;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+
+public class TestExample {
+  // Shared between all tests in this class.
+  static Playwright playwright;
+  static Browser browser;
+
+  // New instance for each test method.
+  BrowserContext context;
+  Page page;
+
+  @BeforeAll
+  static void launchBrowser() {
+    playwright = Playwright.create();
+    browser = playwright.chromium().launch();
+  }
+
+  @AfterAll
+  static void closeBrowser() {
+    playwright.close();
+  }
+
+  @BeforeEach
+  void createContextAndPage() {
+    context = browser.newContext();
+    page = context.newPage();
+  }
+
+  @AfterEach
+  void closeContext() {
+    context.close();
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void shouldClickButton() {
+    page.navigate("data:text/html,<script>var result;</script><button onclick='result=\"Clicked\"'>Go</button>");
+    page.click("button");
+    assertEquals("Clicked", page.evaluate("result"));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void shouldCheckTheBox() {
+    page.setContent("<input id='checkbox' type='checkbox'></input>");
+    page.check("input");
+    assertTrue((Boolean) page.evaluate("() => window['checkbox'].checked"));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void shouldSearchWiki() {
+    page.navigate("https://www.wikipedia.org/");
+    page.click("input[name=\"search\"]");
+    page.fill("input[name=\"search\"]", "playwright");
+    page.press("input[name=\"search\"]", "Enter");
+    assertEquals("https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playwright", page.url());
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### Running Tests in Parallel
+
+By default JUnit will run all tests sequentially on a single thread. Since JUnit 5.3 you can change this behavior to run tests in parallel
+to speed up execution (see [this page](https://junit.org/junit5/docs/snapshot/user-guide/index.html#writing-tests-parallel-execution)).
+Since it is not safe to use same Playwright objects from multiple threads without extra synchronization we recommend you create Playwright
+instance per thread and use it on that thread exclusively. Here is an example how to run multiple test classes in parallel.
+
+Use [`@TestInstance(TestInstance.Lifecycle.PER_CLASS)`](https://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/api/org.junit.jupiter.api/org/junit/jupiter/api/TestInstance.html)
+annotation to make JUnit create one instance of a class for all test methods within that class (by default each JUnit will create a new instance of the class
+for each test method). Store [Playwright] and [Browser] objects in instance fields. They will be shared between tests. Each instace of the class will use its
+own copy of Playwright.
+
+
+```java
+// Subclasses will inherit PER_CLASS behavior.
+@TestInstance(TestInstance.Lifecycle.PER_CLASS)
+class TestFixtures {
+  // Shared between all tests in the class.
+  Playwright playwright;
+  Browser browser;
+
+  @BeforeAll
+  void launchBrowser() {
+    playwright = Playwright.create();
+    browser = playwright.chromium().launch();
+  }
+
+  @AfterAll
+  void closeBrowser() {
+    playwright.close();
+  }
+
+  // New instance for each test method.
+  BrowserContext context;
+  Page page;
+
+  @BeforeEach
+  void createContextAndPage() {
+    context = browser.newContext();
+    page = context.newPage();
+  }
+
+  @AfterEach
+  void closeContext() {
+    context.close();
+  }
+}
+
+class Test1 extends TestFixtures {
+  @Test
+  void shouldClickButton() {
+    page.navigate("data:text/html,<script>var result;</script><button onclick='result=\"Clicked\"'>Go</button>");
+    page.click("button");
+    assertEquals("Clicked", page.evaluate("result"));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void shouldCheckTheBox() {
+    page.setContent("<input id='checkbox' type='checkbox'></input>");
+    page.check("input");
+    assertTrue((Boolean) page.evaluate("() => window['checkbox'].checked"));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void shouldSearchWiki() {
+    page.navigate("https://www.wikipedia.org/");
+    page.click("input[name=\"search\"]");
+    page.fill("input[name=\"search\"]", "playwright");
+    page.press("input[name=\"search\"]", "Enter");
+    assertEquals("https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playwright", page.url());
+  }
+}
+
+class Test2 extends TestFixtures {
+  @Test
+  void shouldReturnInnerHTML() {
+    page.setContent("<div>hello</div>");
+    assertEquals("hello", page.innerHTML("css=div"));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void shouldClickButton() {
+    Page popup = page.waitForPopup(() -> {
+      page.evaluate("window.open('about:blank');");
+    });
+    assertEquals("about:blank", popup.url());
+  }
+}
+```
+
+
+Configure JUnit to run tests in each class sequentially and run multiple classes on parallel threads (with max
+number of thread equal to 1/2 of the number of CPU cores):
+
+```sh
+junit.jupiter.execution.parallel.enabled = true
+junit.jupiter.execution.parallel.mode.default = same_thread
+junit.jupiter.execution.parallel.mode.classes.default = concurrent
+junit.jupiter.execution.parallel.config.strategy=dynamic
+junit.jupiter.execution.parallel.config.dynamic.factor=0.5
+```