|
| 1 | +# WebElement API |
| 2 | + |
| 3 | +The WebElement class provides a unified interface for interacting with elements across different CodeceptJS helpers (Playwright, WebDriver, Puppeteer). It wraps native element instances and provides consistent methods regardless of the underlying helper. |
| 4 | + |
| 5 | +## Basic Usage |
| 6 | + |
| 7 | +```javascript |
| 8 | +// Get WebElement instances from any helper |
| 9 | +const element = await I.grabWebElement('#button') |
| 10 | +const elements = await I.grabWebElements('.items') |
| 11 | + |
| 12 | +// Use consistent API across all helpers |
| 13 | +const text = await element.getText() |
| 14 | +const isVisible = await element.isVisible() |
| 15 | +await element.click() |
| 16 | +await element.type('Hello World') |
| 17 | + |
| 18 | +// Find child elements |
| 19 | +const childElement = await element.$('.child-selector') |
| 20 | +const childElements = await element.$$('.child-items') |
| 21 | +``` |
| 22 | + |
| 23 | +## API Methods |
| 24 | + |
| 25 | +### Element Properties |
| 26 | + |
| 27 | +#### `getText()` |
| 28 | + |
| 29 | +Get the text content of the element. |
| 30 | + |
| 31 | +```javascript |
| 32 | +const text = await element.getText() |
| 33 | +console.log(text) // "Button Text" |
| 34 | +``` |
| 35 | + |
| 36 | +#### `getAttribute(name)` |
| 37 | + |
| 38 | +Get the value of a specific attribute. |
| 39 | + |
| 40 | +```javascript |
| 41 | +const id = await element.getAttribute('id') |
| 42 | +const className = await element.getAttribute('class') |
| 43 | +``` |
| 44 | + |
| 45 | +#### `getProperty(name)` |
| 46 | + |
| 47 | +Get the value of a JavaScript property. |
| 48 | + |
| 49 | +```javascript |
| 50 | +const value = await element.getProperty('value') |
| 51 | +const checked = await element.getProperty('checked') |
| 52 | +``` |
| 53 | + |
| 54 | +#### `getInnerHTML()` |
| 55 | + |
| 56 | +Get the inner HTML content of the element. |
| 57 | + |
| 58 | +```javascript |
| 59 | +const html = await element.getInnerHTML() |
| 60 | +console.log(html) // "<span>Content</span>" |
| 61 | +``` |
| 62 | + |
| 63 | +#### `getValue()` |
| 64 | + |
| 65 | +Get the value of input elements. |
| 66 | + |
| 67 | +```javascript |
| 68 | +const inputValue = await element.getValue() |
| 69 | +``` |
| 70 | + |
| 71 | +### Element State |
| 72 | + |
| 73 | +#### `isVisible()` |
| 74 | + |
| 75 | +Check if the element is visible. |
| 76 | + |
| 77 | +```javascript |
| 78 | +const visible = await element.isVisible() |
| 79 | +if (visible) { |
| 80 | + console.log('Element is visible') |
| 81 | +} |
| 82 | +``` |
| 83 | + |
| 84 | +#### `isEnabled()` |
| 85 | + |
| 86 | +Check if the element is enabled (not disabled). |
| 87 | + |
| 88 | +```javascript |
| 89 | +const enabled = await element.isEnabled() |
| 90 | +if (enabled) { |
| 91 | + await element.click() |
| 92 | +} |
| 93 | +``` |
| 94 | + |
| 95 | +#### `exists()` |
| 96 | + |
| 97 | +Check if the element exists in the DOM. |
| 98 | + |
| 99 | +```javascript |
| 100 | +const exists = await element.exists() |
| 101 | +if (exists) { |
| 102 | + console.log('Element exists') |
| 103 | +} |
| 104 | +``` |
| 105 | + |
| 106 | +#### `getBoundingBox()` |
| 107 | + |
| 108 | +Get the element's bounding box (position and size). |
| 109 | + |
| 110 | +```javascript |
| 111 | +const box = await element.getBoundingBox() |
| 112 | +console.log(box) // { x: 100, y: 200, width: 150, height: 50 } |
| 113 | +``` |
| 114 | + |
| 115 | +### Element Interactions |
| 116 | + |
| 117 | +#### `click(options)` |
| 118 | + |
| 119 | +Click the element. |
| 120 | + |
| 121 | +```javascript |
| 122 | +await element.click() |
| 123 | +// With options (Playwright/Puppeteer) |
| 124 | +await element.click({ button: 'right' }) |
| 125 | +``` |
| 126 | + |
| 127 | +#### `type(text, options)` |
| 128 | + |
| 129 | +Type text into the element. |
| 130 | + |
| 131 | +```javascript |
| 132 | +await element.type('Hello World') |
| 133 | +// With options (Playwright/Puppeteer) |
| 134 | +await element.type('Hello', { delay: 100 }) |
| 135 | +``` |
| 136 | + |
| 137 | +### Child Element Search |
| 138 | + |
| 139 | +#### `$(locator)` |
| 140 | + |
| 141 | +Find the first child element matching the locator. |
| 142 | + |
| 143 | +```javascript |
| 144 | +const childElement = await element.$('.child-class') |
| 145 | +if (childElement) { |
| 146 | + await childElement.click() |
| 147 | +} |
| 148 | +``` |
| 149 | + |
| 150 | +#### `$$(locator)` |
| 151 | + |
| 152 | +Find all child elements matching the locator. |
| 153 | + |
| 154 | +```javascript |
| 155 | +const childElements = await element.$$('.child-items') |
| 156 | +for (const child of childElements) { |
| 157 | + const text = await child.getText() |
| 158 | + console.log(text) |
| 159 | +} |
| 160 | +``` |
| 161 | + |
| 162 | +### Native Access |
| 163 | + |
| 164 | +#### `getNativeElement()` |
| 165 | + |
| 166 | +Get the original native element instance. |
| 167 | + |
| 168 | +```javascript |
| 169 | +const nativeElement = element.getNativeElement() |
| 170 | +// For Playwright: ElementHandle |
| 171 | +// For WebDriver: WebElement |
| 172 | +// For Puppeteer: ElementHandle |
| 173 | +``` |
| 174 | + |
| 175 | +#### `getHelper()` |
| 176 | + |
| 177 | +Get the helper instance that created this WebElement. |
| 178 | + |
| 179 | +```javascript |
| 180 | +const helper = element.getHelper() |
| 181 | +console.log(helper.constructor.name) // "Playwright", "WebDriver", or "Puppeteer" |
| 182 | +``` |
| 183 | + |
| 184 | +## Locator Support |
| 185 | + |
| 186 | +The `$()` and `$$()` methods support various locator formats: |
| 187 | + |
| 188 | +```javascript |
| 189 | +// CSS selectors |
| 190 | +await element.$('.class-name') |
| 191 | +await element.$('#element-id') |
| 192 | + |
| 193 | +// CodeceptJS locator objects |
| 194 | +await element.$({ css: '.my-class' }) |
| 195 | +await element.$({ xpath: '//div[@class="test"]' }) |
| 196 | +await element.$({ id: 'element-id' }) |
| 197 | +await element.$({ name: 'field-name' }) |
| 198 | +await element.$({ className: 'my-class' }) |
| 199 | +``` |
| 200 | + |
| 201 | +## Cross-Helper Compatibility |
| 202 | + |
| 203 | +The same WebElement code works across all supported helpers: |
| 204 | + |
| 205 | +```javascript |
| 206 | +// This code works identically with Playwright, WebDriver, and Puppeteer |
| 207 | +const loginForm = await I.grabWebElement('#login-form') |
| 208 | +const usernameField = await loginForm.$('[name="username"]') |
| 209 | +const passwordField = await loginForm.$('[name="password"]') |
| 210 | +const submitButton = await loginForm.$('button[type="submit"]') |
| 211 | + |
| 212 | +await usernameField. type( '[email protected]') |
| 213 | +await passwordField.type('password123') |
| 214 | +await submitButton.click() |
| 215 | +``` |
| 216 | + |
| 217 | +## Migration from Native Elements |
| 218 | + |
| 219 | +If you were previously using native elements, you can gradually migrate: |
| 220 | + |
| 221 | +```javascript |
| 222 | +// Old way - helper-specific |
| 223 | +const nativeElements = await I.grabWebElements('.items') |
| 224 | +// Different API for each helper |
| 225 | + |
| 226 | +// New way - unified |
| 227 | +const webElements = await I.grabWebElements('.items') |
| 228 | +// Same API across all helpers |
| 229 | + |
| 230 | +// Backward compatibility |
| 231 | +const nativeElement = webElements[0].getNativeElement() |
| 232 | +// Use native methods if needed |
| 233 | +``` |
| 234 | + |
| 235 | +## Error Handling |
| 236 | + |
| 237 | +WebElement methods will throw appropriate errors when operations fail: |
| 238 | + |
| 239 | +```javascript |
| 240 | +try { |
| 241 | + const element = await I.grabWebElement('#nonexistent') |
| 242 | +} catch (error) { |
| 243 | + console.log('Element not found') |
| 244 | +} |
| 245 | + |
| 246 | +try { |
| 247 | + await element.click() |
| 248 | +} catch (error) { |
| 249 | + console.log('Click failed:', error.message) |
| 250 | +} |
| 251 | +``` |
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